Personnel motivation.

Personnel motivation is considered to be one of the most important problems for managers and HR managers. What can drive people forward? What kind of personal and professional goals are they pursue? What can interest them? Except material things something else always motivates the professionals. And everybody has its own “something” and as a rule, it is not so clear..

Not material motivation includes a wide variety of methods, for example:

1. Career growth. The worker is trying to work better than others for getting the desirable position which also means both an increase in pay and position.
2. Good atmosphere in the staff. Friendly team is considered to be additional motivation for working effectively.
3. Employment and full social package according to the legislation in force. This is important factor for searching a job and a good motivation when accepted.
4. Organization of cultural and sport events. Very often the time spent with each other promotes unity and a good working microclimate and also is a good opportunity to relax.
5. Company reputation. Working in a company which is famous is also a motivation for effective cooperation.
6. Opportunity of trainings at the expense of the company. This great opportunity allows workers to improve the level of their abilities.
7. Encouraging words by the manager. Encouraging words by the manager means a lot. For this purpose the companies still use honor boards and others on the company’s official website.
The list can be continued.

Every manager, as a rule, chooses methods appropriate to his or her business, to achieve maximum success with minimum costs, but it is also necessary to take into account the personal characteristics of the employees. The character and interests of the person decide his or her behavior, and reaction to certain events. So, using the right method of motivation you can get the required reaction.
According to the Doctor of Sociology Gerchikov, everybody on the point of his or her motivation is a combination of 5 “clear” motivation types.

1. Lumpenalized
   - No matter what kind of work he should do, there are no preferences.
   - Agrees with low wages, provided that others do not earn more.
   - Low qualification.
   - Doesn’t try to raise the qualification, but oppose it.
   - Low activity and opposing to the activity of others.
   - Low responsibility, striving to make other people be responsible for everything.
   - Striving to minimize efforts.
2. Instrumental
   - The price of the job is concerned rather than its content (that is the job is considered an instrument to satisfy other requirements, hence the name of this type of motivation). 
   - Justification of the value is important, donations are not accepted.
   - The ability of providing for his/her own life is important.
3. Professional
   - Is interested in the content of the job.
   - Does not agree to do boring job no matter how much he can get.
   - Is interested in complex tasks, opportunity of self-expression.
   - Thinks it important to be free in operative activities.
   - It is important to be recognized as the best in his/her profession.
4. Patriotic
   - General idea is necessary for driving him forward,
   - It is important to be recognized by the public, as a participant of success.
   - The main prize is the universal acceptance of irreplaceability in the company.
5. Dominant
   -Takes responsibility voluntarily,
   - Is characterized by a heightened demand for freedom of action.
   - Does not tolerate control.

Types of promotion for each mentioned type are presented in the table below.

Types of promotion	Types of motivation
	Instrumental	Professional	Patriotic	Dominant	Lumpenalized
Negative; Displeasure, punishment, treats of dismissal.	neutral	banned	applicable	banned	basic
Sum; Salary including all kinds of rewards and premiums.	basic	applicable	neutral	banned	neutral
Natural; Buying or renting an apartment, car provision and etc.	applicable	neutral	applicable	neutral	basic
Moral; Diplomas, signs of honor, provision of prizes, honor board and etc.	banned	applicable	basic	neutral	neutral
Paternal; Additional social and medical insurance, creating conditions for relaxation.	banned	banned	applicable	banned	basic
Organizational; Conditions of job, its content and organization.	neutral	basic	neutral	applicable	banned
Participation in leadership; Including in co-ownership and participation in the process of leadership.	neutral	applicable	applicable	basic	banned

• Note
  -“Basic” –describes the type of promotion which has the most effect on the mentioned type of people.
  -“Applicable”- this kind of promotion can be used.
  -“Neutral”- this type of promotion does not have any effect on a person and he will continue behaving as before.
  -“Banned”- this type of promotion will give the opposite effect and possibly, it will cause destructive behavior.